What is a Liger 什么是狮虎兽

狮虎兽的照片

The liger is a cat born from the breeding of a male lion and a female tiger .该狮虎兽是一只猫从出生的滋生,一男狮子女老虎 This combination produces an offspring with more lionistic features than if the reverse pairing had occured.这个组合产生的后代,与更多的功能比lionistic如果反向配对发生了。 That would produce a more tigeristic creature known as a tigon.这将产生一个更tigeristic的动物,被称为一tigon 。 Both are members of genus Panthera .There is no scientific name assigned to this animal because of it’s human assisted ancestory.两者都是成员属panthera是有没有科学的名称指派给此动物,因为它的人类辅助ancestory 。

A liger looks like a giant lion with muted stripes but like thier tiger ancestors, ligers like swimming.一狮虎兽看起来像一个巨大的狮子与静音的条纹,但像他们的祖先老虎, ligers喜欢游泳。 This goes against the nature of a lion but is what makes creature special.这违背了大自然的狮子,但是什么使动物特别。 It gets the best of both parents.它会得到最好的父母双方。 That is not always the case though with crossbreeds.这是情况并非总是如此,虽然与杂交。 Sometimes the results go the other way and the animal gets the worst of both parents.有时结果转到其他方式和动物得到最坏的父母双方。 That would suck!这将抽走!

Who Breed The First Ligers? 谁滋生的第一ligers ?

The history of these hybrids has been very carefully worked out by Professor Valentine Bail, Director of the Science and Art Museum, Dublin, from whose papers the following account is taken.历史上这些杂交种已非常仔细地工作,由教授情人节保释,主任的科学与艺术博物馆,都柏林,从他们的论文以下帐户是采取。 The parents of these hybrids were in a travelling menagerie owned at first by Mr. Thomas Atkins, and subsequently by his son Mr. John Atkins; and a total of six litters of hybrids were produced between the years 1824 and 1833.父母的这些杂交,在行驶的动物园拥有在第一先生托马斯阿特金斯,并随后由他的儿子约翰先生阿特金斯;共有六名垃圾杂交生产之间的1824年和1833年。 The parent Lion was bred in the menagerie from a Barbary Lion and a Senegal Lioness; while the Tigress was born in the collection of the Marquis of Hastings at Calcutta, and was purchased when about eighteen months old from a ship’s captain, to whom she had been given by her original owner.母公司狮子育成,在动物园从巴巴利狮子和塞内加尔lioness ;而tigress出生,在收集的侯爵黑斯廷斯在加尔各答,并于购买时约18个月岁,来自船舶的船长,向谁她已获得她的原始拥有者。 Being of the same age as the Lion, she was placed with him in the same cage ; and in the course of two years proved to be in cub.的福祉,同一年龄作为狮子,她被放在与他在同一笼;和在这个过程中二年被证明是在幼童。 The following is a record of the six litters produced by the union of this pair.以下是纪录的六垃圾所产生的联盟,这对。

First Litter: Born October the 24th, 1824, at Windsor, and comprising two males and a female. 第一垃圾:生于10月24日, 1824年,在温莎,包括两名男性和一名女性。 They were nourished by a female terrier, but all perished within a year of their birth.他们培育的,由一名女梗,但所有灭亡了一个年其出生。 These cubs were exhibited to King George the Fourth, at the Royal Cottage, Windsor, on the final of November, by whom they were christened Lion-Tigers.这些小熊展出了以英王乔治第四,在皇家平房,温莎,就最后的十一月,由他们被命名为狮子-老虎。

Second Litter: Born April 22nd, 1825, at Clapham Common; there were three cubs, sexes not recorded. 第二垃圾:生于1825年4月22日,在克拉判共同;有三个小熊,两性没有记录。 Reared by the mother, as also were all the subsequent litters.饲养的母亲,也都随后的垃圾。 They only lived a short time.他们只住了很短的时间。

Third Litter: Born December 31st, 1826 or 1827, at Edinburgh; one male and two females . 第三垃圾:生于1826年12月31日或1827年,在爱丁堡;一名男性和两名女性。 Mr. Ball states that the year is given as 1827 in the handbill of the menagerie from which he quotes, and the other references seem to support that date; but Mr. John Atkins says it is given as 1826 in a printed catalogue in his possession.鲍尔先生说,今年是鉴于1827年,在单张该动物园从他的报价,和其他的提述,似乎支持这一日期,但先生约翰阿特金斯说,这是由于作为1826年在印刷目录,在他所拥有的。 These only lived a few months.这些只住了数个月。 The skin of one of them, forming the subject of Plate III,, is preserved in the Science and Art Museum at Edinburgh, and a second is in the British Museum.皮肤,其中一人,形成了主题板三, ,是保存在科学和艺术博物馆在爱丁堡,第二个是在大英博物馆。 Sir William Jardine remarks that “the colour was brighter than that of the Lion, and the bands were better marked than they generally are in the young of tire true breed.” Indeed, from his figure, the animal has more the appearance of a Tiger than of a Lion.主席先生,威廉渣甸山的言论, “颜色是光明的,比的狮子,和带更好的显着比他们一般都是在年轻的轮胎真正的滋生。 ”事实上,从他的人物,动物有更多的外观虎比狮子。 Writing of the cubs of the first litter in the “Library of Entertaining Knowledge,” where one of them was figured, Griffith observes that “our mules, in common with ordinary Lions, were born without any traces of a mane, or of a tuft at the end of the tail.写作小熊的第一乱抛垃圾,在“图书馆,娱乐知识, ”而其中一人被揣摩,格里菲斯指出: “我们的骡子,在共同的,与普通的狮子,出生没有任何的痕迹,一鬃毛,或一个tuft在去年底的尾巴。 Their fur in general was rather woolly; the external ear was pendant towards the extremity; the nails were constantly out, and not cased in the sheath, and in these particulars they agreed with the common cubs of Lions.他们的毛皮,一般是比较糊涂;外耳被吊坠对肢体;指甲不断出来,而不是套管在鞘,并在这些详情,他们同意共同小熊狮子。 Their colour was dirty yellow or blanket-colour; but from the nose over the head, along the back and upper side of the tail, the colour was much darker, and on these parts the transverse stripes were stronger, and the forehead was covered with obscure spots, slighter indications of which also appeared on other parts of the body.他们的肤色是肮脏的黄色或毛毯色;但是,从鼻子以上的头部,沿背部及上侧的尾巴,颜色明显较深,对这些零件的横向条纹,分别为强,前额被覆盖模糊点,轻的迹象,其中也出现了对身体的其他部位。 The shape of the head, as appears by the figures, is assimilated to that of the father (the Lion) ; the superficies of the body on the other hand is like that of the Tigress.”形状的头部,似乎由数字,是吸收了这对父亲(狮子) ; superficies该机构在另一方面就是这样的tigress “ 。

Fourth Litter: Born October 2nd, 1828, at Windsor; one male and two females. 第四垃圾:生于1828年10月2日,在温莎;一名男性和两名女性。

Fifth Litter: Born May, 1831, at Kensington, three cubs, sexes not recorded. 第五垃圾: 5月出生, 1831年,在肯辛顿,三小熊,两性没有记录。 They were shown to the Queen, then Princess Victoria, and to the Duchess of Kent.他们表现出女王,然后公主维多利亚,并能根德公爵夫人。 The whole group performed in a specially constructed cage at Astley’s Amphitheatre, and in 1832 were taken by Mr. Atkins for a tour in Ireland整个集团的演出,在一个特别建造的笼子在astley的露天剧场,并在1832年被先生所采取的阿特金斯为旅行团在爱尔兰

Sixth Litter: Born July 19th, 1833, at the Zoological Gardens, Liverpool; one male and two females. 第六垃圾:生于1833年7月19日,在动物园,利物浦;一名男性和两名女性。 One, the male, lived for ten years in the Gardens.一,男,住了十年,在花园。 The young male Lion-Tigers when about three years old had a short mane, something like that of an Asiatic Lion; and the stripes became very indistinct at that age.年轻的男狮-虎时,约3岁了短期的鬃毛,类似的东西一个亚洲狮和条纹变得非常模糊,在这个年龄。

Textual content is licensed under the GFDL from messybeast.com 文字内容是下已领取牌照的gfdl从messybeast.com

Why Are Ligers Bigger Than Tigons 为什么ligers大于tigons

The large size of the liger and small size of the tigon is due to “genomic imprinting” - the unequal expression of genes depending on parent of origin ie whether certain growth genes are inherited from the male or the female.大尺寸的狮虎兽和规模较小的tigon是由于“基因组印记” -不平等的基因表达取决于父母的原产地即是否一定的增长基因是继承了从男性或女性。 This is linked to the species’ lifestyle and breeding strategy - whether the female mates with only one male while in heat (non-competitive) or whether she mates with many males (competitive).这是关系到物种的生活方式和育种策略-无论是女性交配,只有一名男性,而在加热(非竞争)或她是否交配,与许多男性(竞争) 。 This results in “growth dysplasia”.这一结果在“经济增长不典型增生” 。 The following explanation is greatly simplified as a number of other genes are contributed unequally by the male and female parents and also affect the general health and longevity of the offspring. Lions live in prides led by several adult males.以下的解释是,大大简化了,因为其他一些基因是不平等的贡献由男性和女性的父母,也会影响一般健康,长寿的后代。狮子住在感到自豪为首的几个成年男性。 The lionesses mate with each of those males.该lionesses交配与每个那些男性。 Each male wants his offspring to be the ones to survive, but the female’s genes want multiple offspring to survive.每个男性希望自己的后代将自己的生存,但女性的基因,希望多个后代的生存。 The father’s genes promote size of the offspring to ensure that his offspring out-compete any other offspring in the womb at the same time.父亲的基因,促进规模的后代,以确保其后代地地道道的竞争,任何其他的后代在子宫中在同一时间内。 Genes from the female inhibit growth to ensure that as many offspring as possible survive and that they all have an equal chance.基因从女性抑制增长,以确保许多后代尽可能生存和他们都有一个平等的机会。 By contrast, tigers are largely solitary and a female on heat normally only mates with one male.相比之下,老虎,主要是孤立和一名女对热通常只交配,与一男。 There is no competition for space in the womb so the male tiger’s genes do not need to promote larger offspring.有没有竞争空间在子宫里,所以男性老虎的基因并不需要,以促进更大的后代。 There is therefore no need for the female to compensate, so the offspring’s growth goes uninhibited.因此,我们认为没有必要为女性,以补偿,使后代的成长云不受约束。

When a male tiger mates with a lioness, his genes are not promoting large growth of the offspring because he is adapted to a non-competitive breeding strategy.当一个男人老虎交配与lioness ,他的基因是不是促进大生产总值的增长率相后代,因为他是适应一个非竞争的育种策略。 However, the lioness is adapted to a competitive strategy and her genes inhibit the growth of the offspring.不过, lioness是适应具有竞争力的策略和她的基因的生长有抑制作用的后代。 This uneven match means that the offspring (tigons) are often smaller and less robust than either parent.这种不平衡的匹配,即后代( tigons )往往是规模较小和较强劲的比父母任何一方。

When a male lion mates with a tigress, his genes promote large offspring because lions are adapted to a competitive breeding strategy.当一个男人狮子交配与tigress ,他的基因,促进大的后代,因为狮子是适应具有竞争力的育种策略。 The tigress does not inhibit the growth because she is adapted to a non-competitive strategy.该tigress并不生长有抑制作用,因为她是适应一个非竞争策略。 Therefore the offspring (liger) grows larger and stronger than either parent because the effects do not cancel each other out.因此,后代(狮虎兽)增长,做大做强比父母任何一方,因为影响不取消对方。 Ligers take several years to reach full adult size, but it is a myth that ligers never stop growing. ligers需时数年才能达到充分的成人大小,但它是一个神话ligers从来没有停止增长。

Growth dysplasia has other effects: the size of the placenta may be affected (causing miscarriage), the embryo may be aborted at an early stage due to abnormal growth, the cub may be stillborn or may only survive a few days.生长发育不良有其他的效果:大小胎盘可能受影响(导致流产) ,胚胎可能会胎死腹中,在早期阶段,由于生长异常,有508辆可能胎死腹中,或可能只生存了数天。 In some rodents, mating Species A males with Species B females produces offspring half normal size, but mating Species B males with Species A females cause the offspring to be aborted as they try to grow to several times the normal size.在一些啮齿动物,交配种男性与女性的物种b产生的后代有一半正常大小,但交配的物种b ,男性与女性的一种导致子女胎死腹中,因为他们尝试将增长到数倍正常大小。

Because of the impossibility of a gene being inherited from only females, there is a competing hypothesis.因为不可能一个基因被遗留下来的唯一女性,是有竞争的假设。 This hypothesis (allthough not tested) is that the Lion’s sperm is damaged somehow during fertilization and that a growth inhibiting gene is typically destroyed.这一假说( allthough尚未测试) ,就是狮子的精子是有点损坏的受精过程,并认为生长抑制基因通常是摧毁。 It is impossible for a gene carried on a chromosomes to be passed along only from the mother.这是不可能的基因进行了一染色体,予以通过沿只从母亲。 The reason for this is there are no chromosomes that only a female can have.这种情况的原因是有没有染色体,只有一名女性可以有。 Female Tigons and Female Ligers both possess a tiger X chromosme and a lion X chromosome, yet only the female Ligers will grow large, this means something must happen to either alter the genes or that the cause of the growth dysplasia lies at least partially outside of the genes.女性tigons和女性ligers都具备了老虎x chromosme和狮子的X染色体,但是却只有女性ligers将增长大,这意味着一些是一定会发生的任何改变基因,或事业的成长发育不良的谎言,至少部分以外的基因。

Another possible hypothesis is that the growth dysplasia results from the interaction between lion genes and tiger womb enviroment.另一个可能的假设是,生长发育不良的结果之间的互动,狮子和老虎的基因子宫内环境。 The tiger produces a hormone that sets the fetal Liger on a pattern of growth that does not end throughout his life.老虎产生的激素,确定胎儿狮虎兽在一个增长模式,并没有结束他的一生。 The hormonal hypothesis is that the cause of the male Liger’s growth is his sterility - essentially, the male liger remains in the pre-pubertal growth phase.激素假设是,事业的男性狮虎兽的成长是他的不育-基本上,男性狮虎兽仍然在会前青春期的增长期。 This is not upheld by behavioural evidence - despite being sterile, many male ligers become sexually mature and mate with females.这是不是坚持行为的证据-尽管不育,许多男l igers成为性成熟和交配与女性。 In addition, female ligers also attain great size but are fertile.此外,女性ligers也达到伟大的大小,但肥沃的土壤。

Textual content is licensed under the GFDL文字内容是下已领取牌照的gfdl

Liger Videos 狮虎兽的影片

Liger Science 狮虎兽科学

REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING参考,并进一步读

Historical accounts of ligers and tigons (chronological order): 历史帐目ligers和tigons (顺序排列) :

CJ Cornish et al (undated), R De Davison (1863), K Ackermann (1898), A Rörig (1903), Deutshe Landwirtshaftliche Presse (1904), Boettger (1906), T Noack (1908), A Sokolowsky (1909), H Przibram (1910), SS Flower (1929), L Reisinger (1929), Sir PC Mitchell (1930), H Heck (1932), RI Pocock (1935), CWG Eifrig (1937), WA Craft (1938), L Heck (1941), VG Stefko and VP Narskii (1946), American Fur Breeder (1948), Illustrated (1948), H Pilcher (1948), B Grzimek (1949), A Urbain and J Rinjard (1950), Leyhausen (1950), C Hagenbeck (1951), O Antonius (1951), H Petzsch (1951, 1956), M Burton (1952), A Kemner (1953), Farmer’s Weekly Bloemfontein (1953), F Petter (1955), H Hemmer (1966, 1968), International Zoo Yearbook (1970, 1971) 终审法院首席法官科尼什等人 (日期) 德戴维森 ( 1863 ) , 钾阿克曼 ( 1898 ) , rörig ( 1903 ) , deutshe landwirtshaftliche新闻 ( 1904 ) , 伯特格 ( 1906年) , 吨noack ( 1908年) ,索科拉夫斯基 ( 1909 ) , h przibram ( 1910 ) , SS为花卉 ( 1929 ) , 升赖辛格 ( 1929 ) , 主席先生的PC米切尔 ( 1930年) , h赫克 ( 1932 ) , 里pocock ( 1935年) , cwg eifrig ( 1937 ) , 华工艺 ( 1938 ) ,升赫克( 1941 ) , vg stefko和VP narskii ( 1946年) , 美国毛皮种鸡 ( 1948年) , 说明 ( 1948年) , h pilcher ( 1948年) , 乙grzimek ( 1949年) , urbain和J rinjard ( 1950年) , 莱豪森 ( 1950年) , C组hagenbeck ( 1951年) , 澳安东尼 ( 1951年) , h petzsch ( 1951 , 1956 ) , 米伯顿 ( 1952年) , kemner ( 1953年) , 农民的每周布隆方丹 ( 1953 ) , 男彼特 ( 1955 ) , h hemmer ( 1966年, 1968年) , 国际动物园年鉴 ( 1970年, 1971年)

Ancestry Chart 同宗图

Here’sa chart showing the results of breeding different cats and what is produced:以下图表显示的结果,不同的猫科动物育种和生产的是什么:

Father 父亲

Mother 母亲

Results 结果

Lion 醒狮

Tiger 老虎

Liger 狮虎兽

Tiger 老虎

Lion 醒狮

Tigon tigon

Lion 醒狮

Liger 狮虎兽

Li-liger 李-狮虎兽

Lion 醒狮

Tigon tigon

Li-tigon 李- tigon

Tiger 老虎

Liger 狮虎兽

Ti-liger 钛-狮虎兽

Tiger 老虎

Tigon tigon

Ti-tigon 钛tigon

Alismith44 - Liger Picture 2 alismith44 -狮虎兽图片2

ligers and tigons

another liger photo from alismith44 @ flickr另一狮虎兽的照片, alismith44 @ flickr

Liger and Big Cat Forums 狮虎兽和大型猫科动物论坛

I decided to add a liger discussion area to the site and hope that everyone will say a few words about their favorite animal - THE LIGER.我决定添加一个狮虎兽讨论区到现场,希望大家讲几句话,他们最喜爱的动物-狮虎兽。

You can also make comments to all the posts on the site.您也可以提出意见,所有的职位在网站上。 It’s nice to hear what other people thing about the topics and photos that go with them.很高兴听到什么其他人的事有关议题和照片去与他们。

LINK - http://www.liger.org/forums/链接-h ttp://www.liger.org/forums/

Liger Cubs 狮虎兽小熊

Here are some awesome liger pictures from a news article out of China. Take a look at those cute baby ligers!这里有一些可怕狮虎兽的图片新闻文章进出中国。采取看看那些可爱的婴儿ligers ! The shot below is my favorite - looks like one big happy family.铅球下面是我的最爱-看起来像一大幸福的家庭。

liger family

Peoples Daily Online 人民每天在线

Quadruplet liger cubs play with their lion father and tiger mother at Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park and Botanical Garden in suburb of Haikou city, capital of  China’s southmost province of Hainan, May 30, 2006. quadruplet狮虎兽小熊队发挥他们的狮子和老虎的父亲母亲在海南热带野生动物园和植物园,在郊区的海口市,中国首都的southmost海南省, 2006年5月30日。 The four cubs were born on March 23,2006.四小熊出生于三月23,2006 。

liger cubs

The four-year-old male lion and six-year-old tigress look after their liger quadruplet cubs at Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park in China’s southernmost island province of Hainan May 30, 2006. 4年岁男性,狮子和6岁的tigress照顾他们的狮虎兽quadruplet小熊在海南热带野生动物园在中国最南端的岛屿海南省2006年5月30日。 The couple gave birth naturally to four ligers, two males and two females, on March 23, 2006, and now they have a total of six children survived, a twins and quadruplets since they lived together in captivity in 2004.该对夫妇生下自然4 ligers ,两个男性和两名女性,对2006年3月23日,现在他们一共有6名儿童存活,一对双胞胎和四胞胎,因为他们生活在一起,圈养在2004年。 Liger is a rare lion-tiger mix which normally has a short life expectancy.狮虎兽是一种罕见的狮子-老虎组合通常有一个短期的预期寿命。

liger picture

The tiger mother plays with its liger quadruplet cubs at Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park in China’s southernmost island province of Hainan May 30, 2006.老虎的母亲扮演其狮虎兽quadruplet小熊在海南热带野生动物园在中国最南端的岛屿海南省2006年5月30日。

Liger Dies 狮虎兽死亡

I found this little story and thought I’d post it for everyone to check out:我发现这个小故事,以为我要它张贴,让大家看看:

SPEARFISH - Spearfish’s biggest cat, a rare cross between a lion and tiger, has died at the Spirit of the Hills Wildlife Sanctuary. spearfish -s pearfish最大的猫,一种罕见的两岸之间的狮子和老虎,已死亡的精神,山上野生动植物保护区。
Dr. David Elsom, a Spearfish veterinarian who donates time at the sanctuary, said the cat suffered from chronic renal failure and could not be saved despite correct diagnosis and care.国宝博士elsom , spearfish兽医谁捐的时间,在禁猎区,说猫患有慢性肾功能衰竭和无法储存,尽管正确的诊断和照顾。
Breeding between lions and tigers happens only in captivity, producing offspring called ligers.育种之间的狮子和老虎的情况下,只有在圈养的,生产的后代所谓ligers 。 There is only a handful in the world, Elsom noted.有,只有少数在世界上, elsom指出。 “I had never even seen a liger until I started caring for this one,” “我从来没有见到过一狮虎兽,直到我开始关心这一”

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